In 2002, the telecom industry in France witnessed changes in regulation of internet service providers. This enabled internet service provider Free.fr to challenge a crystalized competitive landscape using a combination of technology, business model innovation and focus on the bottom of the pyramid.

In 2002, the telecom industry in France witnessed changes in regulation of internet service providers. This enabled internet service provider Free.fr to challenge a crystalized competitive landscape using a combination of technology, business model innovation and focus on the bottom of the pyramid.