This case was written to illustrate the importance of business process design as a basis for competition in the textile industry. The case illustrates the impressive performance of Zara, the new fashion player from Spain, which has innovated in process design so as to deliver new collections in its stores with a lead-time of 5 to 7 days.

The case is about the implementation of a new technology (telemedicine), that is supposed to improve the quality of medical care and decrease the cost associated with unnecessary patient transportation.

Development project selection is a key link between company strategy and the development of new products. Project selection is an integral part of the overall product development process and should be done systematically. The case presents a company where project selection is divorced from strategy and performed ad hoc.

The case describes the major transformation that took place in one of the largest university hospitals in Sweden. Changes involved refocusing on the patient as final customer, improving quality and reducing costs. They were achieved through a total quality improvement scheme combined with process re-engineering. Organisational changes helped implement these changes.