In early 2026, Crusoe stands at a significant turning point. The company began as a climate start-up, avoiding carbon emissions by capturing wasted flare at oil well sites to power Bitcoin and later AI. By 2026, it has become one of the leading developers of AI data center infrastructure in the world, backing that infrastructure almost entirely with new natural gas generation.

The case serves to illustrate how backstop parties in Chapter 11 rights issues can take control of a firm.

The case serves to illustrate how backstop parties in Chapter 11 rights issues can take control of a firm.

The great carbon arbitrage, going short (retiring) on coal and going long (investing) on renewables (also known as an “asset for fuel swap”) is positive NPV. The present value of the social benefits of avoided emissions is higher than the sum of the present value of the foregone cash flows of phasing out coal and the PV of the costs of replacing coal by renewable generation.

In April 2010, infrastructure fund Njord Gas Infrastructure AS bought ExxonMobil’s 9.428% stake in Norwegian gas pipelines Gassled. Njord was interested in Gassled’s steady returns and Norway’s regulatory/political consistency and transparency.

In September 2014, the Indiana Toll Road (ITR) in the US Mid-west, privatized as a 75-year concession at an impressive price of US$3.8 billion only nine years earlier, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy , having chalked up US$6.3 billion of debt. In the subsequent sell-off the ITR managed to attract an even bigger bid than before - of US$5.72 billion.

In 2013, the long-delayed IPO of the Bangkok Mass Transit System Public Co. Ltd. (BTSC) took place, but in an unusually complex form. Instead of selling the shares of the company that owned the elevated railway concession, what was offered were investment units in Thailand’s first publicly listed infrastructure mutual fund: the BTS Rail Mass Transit Growth Infrastructure Fund (BTSGIF).

The case discusses the public-private partnership to build the New Royal Adelaide Hospital (NRAH) (replacing the outdated Royal Adelaide Hospital) at a cost of A$1.7 billion in 2009.

BrisConnections won the bid to construct the Airport Link toll road under a BOOT (Build, Own, Operate and Transfer) PPP model just as the global financial crisis took hold in 2008. Soon the project would take its place among a string of Australian toll road project failures.

BrisConnections won the bid to construct the Airport Link toll road under a BOOT (Build, Own, Operate and Transfer) PPP model just as the global financial crisis took hold in 2008. Soon the project would take its place among a string of Australian toll road project failures.