After completing a post-graduate degree in International Affars, Aline Sara founded NaTakallam - a social enterprise relying on digital technology to connect refugees and displaced people with language learners looking for online classes in Arabic, Persian, French and Spanish.

Case A describes the creation and growth of Nuru Energy. Starting from nothing, the founder 'bootstraps' a social venture with the goal of providing affordable and effective lighting solutions for 800 million people without access to the electricity grid in sub-Saharan Africa and India.