nam.R, a data-driven start-up based in Paris, embarked on an ambitious plan to contribute to address global warming using open data. From its launch in 2017, using open-data sources augmented by sophisticated data analytics, nam.R has constructed a “digital twin” of every single building in France by early 2020.

This case explores TomTom’s striking success as it evolved into a market leader in navigation systems headquartered in Amsterdam. It addresses the locational factors that have either contributed to or detracted from its success, and discusses how these have affected the company’s ability to innovate and adapt over time.

Google Street View (GSV) is a feature of Google’s mapping products where users zoom in on street maps to see panoramic photographs of streets. It launched in 2007 in the US, and in France in 2008. This case describes the campaigns Google ran in 2008 to introduce GSV in France.

This two part case series presents the reorganisation of 3M's European operations in 1992 from a strong, autonomous country structure to a pan-European product line structure matrixed with a regional structure.

This two part case series presents the reorganisation of 3M's European operations in 1992 from a strong, autonomous country structure to a pan-European product line structure matrixed with a regional structure.